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Which description of BCP is correct?
Answer: A business continuity plan for disasters or failures
BCP stands for Business Continuity Plan and defines how to continue and recover business during emergencies.
Which description of RTO is correct?
Answer: The target time to restore business after an incident
RTO stands for Recovery Time Objective and represents the target time until recovery.
Which description of RPO is correct?
Answer: The target point in time before an incident to which data should be recoverable
RPO stands for Recovery Point Objective and indicates how far back data must be restorable.
Which description of TCO is correct?
Answer: The total cost from introduction through operation and disposal
TCO stands for Total Cost of Ownership and covers the full lifecycle cost of an information system.
Which description of EA is correct?
Answer: A concept for organizing business, information, systems, and technology across an organization for overall optimization
EA, Enterprise Architecture, systematizes business and systems from the perspective of overall optimization.
Which description of BPR is correct?
Answer: Fundamentally reviewing and redesigning existing business processes
BPR stands for Business Process Reengineering and radically redesigns organizations and business flows.
Which description of BI is correct?
Answer: A concept that analyzes accumulated data and uses it for management decision-making
BI stands for Business Intelligence and supports management decisions using data warehouses, data mining, and related methods.
In BABOK, which description of solution requirements is correct?
Answer: Requirements describing characteristics of a solution that satisfy business and stakeholder requirements
Solution requirements are divided into functional and non-functional requirement subcategories.
Which description of MoSCoW analysis is correct?
Answer: A prioritization method that classifies requirements into Must, Should, Could, and Won't
MoSCoW analysis organizes requirement priorities and helps define implementation scope and negotiation points.
In PPM, which business is positioned as a funding source?
Answer: Cash cow
In PPM, a business with low growth and high market share is called a cash cow and is treated as a funding source.
Which set is included in Five Forces analysis?
Answer: New entrants, rivalry, substitutes, suppliers, and buyers
Five Forces analysis is a framework for analyzing industry structure and competitive environment.
Which description of TOB is correct?
Answer: Takeover bid
TOB stands for Takeover Bid and means a public tender offer for shares.
Which perspectives are generally included in the Balanced Scorecard, BSC?
Answer: Financial, customer, internal process, and learning and growth
BSC manages strategy not only from the financial perspective but also from customer, internal process, and learning and growth perspectives.
What is the purpose of value chain analysis?
Answer: To view corporate activities as a chain of value creation and analyze sources of competitive advantage
Value chain analysis examines where value is created through primary and support activities.
Which description of CRM is correct?
Answer: A concept for managing and strengthening customer relationships using customer information and touchpoints
CRM stands for Customer Relationship Management and aims to improve revenue through customer understanding and relationship strengthening.
Which description of SCM is correct?
Answer: A concept for optimizing the supply chain from procurement through production, logistics, and sales
SCM stands for Supply Chain Management and aims to improve and optimize the entire supply chain.
Which description of IT investment portfolio management is correct?
Answer: Managing multiple IT investments as a portfolio based on risk, effect, strategic fit, and related factors
In the IT strategist area, it is important to manage not only individual projects but also the overall investment portfolio against strategic objectives.
When comparing IT investment proposals, which metric discounts future cash flows to present value and compares them with the investment amount?
Answer: NPV
NPV, Net Present Value, evaluates investment value by discounting future cash flows to present value and subtracting the initial investment and related costs.
For strategic management of a new service, you first define CSFs and then design KPIs to observe progress. Which relationship between CSF and KPI is appropriate?
Answer: CSFs are critical success factors, and KPIs are indicators used to measure their progress or achievement
A CSF is a factor critical to achieving a strategic objective. KPIs are designed as quantitative indicators to determine whether CSFs are being achieved.
When using SWOT analysis for business strategy, which direction uses internal strengths to capture external opportunities?
Answer: An aggressive growth strategy combining strengths and opportunities
In SWOT cross-analysis, combining strengths and opportunities leads to an aggressive strategy that uses competitive advantages to capture growth opportunities.
Which description best explains IT governance?
Answer: A mechanism for directing and controlling IT in line with management policy to ensure value creation, risk management, and accountability
IT governance controls IT investment and IT risk from a management perspective and continuously verifies whether IT contributes to business value.
When renewing a core business system, a company considers building business logic tied to competitive advantage in-house while using SaaS for generic peripheral functions. Which viewpoint is being emphasized?
Answer: Separating core competencies from areas suitable for external services
Make-or-buy decisions separate strategically important differentiating areas from standardized areas that can use SaaS or external services.
To promote data-driven management, a company wants to align different customer IDs and sales definitions across departments and enable consistent data use. Which initiative should be emphasized first?
Answer: Establish data governance by clarifying data definitions, ownership, and data quality rules
Data utilization requires not only tools but also data governance that defines meanings, ownership, quality criteria, and change management.
Which option is most appropriate as a DX strategy?
Answer: Using digital technology and data to transform customer value and the business model itself
DX is more than digitization. It uses data and digital technology to transform customer value, operations, organizations, and business models.
In a subscription business for existing customers, churn is increasing. Which analysis should an IT strategist prioritize first?
Answer: Link usage, inquiries, and churn reasons by customer segment to identify drivers of attrition
In a subscription model, reducing churn directly affects LTV and profitability. The first step is to connect data and identify which segments are leaving and why.
When selecting multiple IT investment initiatives, you want to see both alignment with business strategy and risk. Which management approach is most appropriate?
Answer: Manage them as an IT portfolio, comparing strategic contribution, expected benefits, risk, and investment size
IT portfolio management compares initiatives from an enterprise optimization perspective, allocating resources based on strategic contribution, benefits, risks, and constraints.
Which viewpoint is most appropriate for judging whether a PoC for a new digital service has succeeded?
Answer: Judge the results against predefined hypotheses, evaluation metrics, and conditions for the next decision
A PoC is not merely a technical experiment; it validates business hypotheses and feasibility for the next investment decision. Metrics and exit criteria should be defined in advance.
For a plan to migrate a core system to the cloud, which investment effect should be presented to executives?
Answer: Effects tied to business goals, such as cost, agility, availability, security, and operational workload
Cloud migration investment decisions should show more than technical replacement: contribution to business goals, TCO, risks, and changes in operations.
Before contracting an external SaaS for company-wide use, what should be checked most carefully?
Answer: Compare functional fit, SLA, data protection, audit support, and exit or migration terms with business requirements
SaaS selection must verify not only functional fit but also service levels, security, data handling, auditability, and future migration options.
When designing an SLA for an IT service, which agreement with user departments is most appropriate?
Answer: Define measurable availability, response time, recovery targets, and support hours based on business impact
An SLA agrees on business-required service levels using measurable indicators. It avoids excessive quality and vague wording while balancing cost.
When creating a policy for business use of generative AI, which initial response is most appropriate?
Answer: Define rules for use cases, prohibited inputs, output verification responsibility, and handling of copyright and confidential information
Business use of generative AI requires rules for scope, confidential information, output verification, intellectual property, and responsibility to balance value creation and risk control.
In a legacy system renewal, users request that every current function be reproduced exactly. Which response is most appropriate for an IT strategist?
Answer: Evaluate business value, usage frequency, maintenance cost, and risk to identify functions to retire, standardize, or redesign
Renewal should not merely copy the current system; it should identify and redesign necessary functions to reform operations, improve maintainability, and reduce risk.
In building a data utilization platform, different KPI definitions by department are causing confusion in executive meetings. What is the most appropriate measure?
Answer: Standardize KPI definitions, formulas, data sources, and owners using a data catalog or similar mechanism
Enterprise KPI use requires standardizing meanings, formulas, data sources, owners, and change management.
What is the most appropriate purpose of defining withdrawal criteria for a new business during the planning stage?
Answer: Objectify decisions to continue, scale, or withdraw, avoiding expanding losses and inertia
New businesses are uncertain, so evaluation timing and criteria should be defined in advance to decide continuation or withdrawal based on learning.
In a system planning initiative, business departments submit many requests. Which prioritization approach is most appropriate?
Answer: Classify requests by contribution to business goals, legal or risk response, user value, and implementation difficulty
System planning prioritizes by combining business value, mandatory response, risk, cost, and difficulty.
What is the most appropriate purpose of creating a customer journey map to improve a customer-facing mobile app?
Answer: Visualize customer actions, emotions, and pain points at each touchpoint to identify experiences to improve
A customer journey map organizes the end-to-end customer experience from the customer's perspective to find issues and opportunities.
Which KPI is most appropriate for transforming an information systems department from a cost center into a business-contributing function?
Answer: Measure shorter lead time for business initiatives, contribution to revenue or customer satisfaction, and operational efficiency gains
Business contribution should be measured not only by cost reduction but also by business speed, revenue opportunities, customer value, and productivity.
What is the most appropriate purpose of creating an RFP for vendor selection?
Answer: Clarify requirements, assumptions, and evaluation criteria so multiple proposals can be compared fairly
An RFP states requirements, scope, constraints, and evaluation viewpoints so vendor proposals can be compared.
Which description of evaluating IT investment using NPV is most appropriate?
Answer: Discount future cash flows to present value and compare them with the initial investment to evaluate value
NPV evaluates economic value by discounting future benefits and cost reductions to present value and comparing them with the initial investment.
In an enterprise DX program, departments are introducing locally optimized tools independently. What should an IT strategist do?
Answer: Establish enterprise architecture, data integration policy, common platforms, and investment criteria to integrate departmental initiatives
Enterprise DX should leverage departmental experiments while establishing architecture, data policy, common platforms, and investment governance to prevent duplication and fragmentation.
An executive team created a DX strategy, but it is only a list of system upgrades and cannot explain the future business. What should be reviewed first?
Answer: Clarify the management vision and target business model, then connect DX initiatives to customer value, competitive advantage, and KPIs
A DX strategy is not a technology installation plan; it is a means of realizing the management vision and target business model. It should connect customer value, economics, operating changes, data, organization, and outcome measures.
A DX maturity self-assessment shows a large gap between executive and frontline ratings. How should the result be used?
Answer: Discuss the evidence behind the gap, agree on current and target states, priorities, and owners, and reassess periodically
The value of self-assessment is not the score alone. It exposes perception gaps so management, business, and IT can agree on actions, target maturity, measures, and periodic reassessment.
A big-bang core-system replacement delivers no customer value until completion and has high failure impact. Which modernization approach is appropriate?
Answer: Define boundaries by business capability and dependencies, migrate high-value areas incrementally, and manage coexistence and retirement criteria
Incremental modernization defines business and data boundaries to deliver value and learning early. It also needs synchronization, rollback, retirement criteria, and completion KPIs so coexistence does not become permanent.
A new digital business has high market and technology uncertainty, making full upfront investment difficult. Which investment design is appropriate?
Answer: Use staged investment with hypotheses and validation measures, deciding at each gate whether to continue, pivot, or stop
Staged investment spends enough to reduce key uncertainty and exercises the next option based on evidence. Predetermined stop criteria reduce escalation driven by sunk costs.
An online marketplace cannot attract users because suppliers are scarce, while suppliers avoid it because users are scarce. What is an appropriate launch strategy?
Answer: Focus on a narrow geography or use case, acquire the critical side with targeted incentives and quality controls, and build transaction density
In a two-sided market, local transaction density and quality matter more than total registrations. Early strategy should narrow the market and address the constrained side to create network effects.
A company plans a new external service based on customer-data analysis. What must be checked first in the business decision?
Answer: Confirm purpose, consent, contracts, law, and customer expectations, then validate value with the minimum necessary data
Data-driven value depends on legal compliance and customer trust. Purpose limitation, minimization, re-identification risk, third-party conditions, and withdrawal or deletion handling must be designed with the business model.
A customer-service generative AI initiative uses accuracy as its only KPI, hiding important risk. What is a better evaluation design?
Answer: Measure customer and operational value together with incorrect, biased, harmful, or leaking outputs and human escalation, using risk thresholds by use case
AI benefits and risks vary by use case. Evaluate severity, frequency, detectability, and correction as well as accuracy, with human intervention and ongoing assessment for consequential decisions.
A company wants to expose service APIs to partners and expand its ecosystem. What must be designed at the strategy stage?
Answer: Define target partners and value exchange, then design authentication, authorization, quotas, versioning, SLA, monetization, and developer experience
An API program is a business design for exchanging value, not just a technical connection. Security, compatibility, service quality, contracts, economics, and ease of participation must be governed together.
Before an acquisition, IT due diligence must identify information affecting price and integration. Which investigation is appropriate?
Answer: Assess systems, data, contracts, licenses, talent, security, and technical debt to estimate integration cost and continuity risk
IT assets and liabilities directly affect synergy, investment, transition time, and legal exposure. Translate findings into cost, time, and business impact for deal terms and integration planning.
A divested business must separate from the parent company's shared systems without disrupting operations. Which approach is appropriate?
Answer: Define Day 1 critical operations and data boundaries, then establish a time-limited transition service agreement, access separation, migration, and exit plan
A carve-out must manage the timing gap between legal separation and technical separation. A transition service agreement defines scope, quality, cost, security, and a firm exit date while dependencies are removed.
In a multi-vendor transformation, each supplier optimizes its contract scope and nobody owns the overall business outcome. What is appropriate?
Answer: Keep enterprise architecture and benefit ownership with the client and govern shared KPIs, change control, and integration acceptance across suppliers
Multi-vendor delivery creates issues at contract boundaries. The client must retain accountability for outcomes and architecture and operate shared decision, integration, and acceptance mechanisms.
A business-transformation system launched on schedule, but expected cycle-time reduction did not occur. What is appropriate benefits realization management?
Answer: Review the baseline, benefit owner, operating changes, and leading and outcome measures, then improve adoption and process design
Go-live provides capability but does not itself realize benefits. Business owners must manage process, role, and behavior changes using baselines and causal measures and adjust interventions.
A churn-reduction initiative needs early learning because churn is a delayed outcome. Which KPI design is appropriate?
Answer: Keep churn as the outcome measure and track hypothesis-based leading measures such as usage decline, unresolved support, and key-feature adoption
Outcome measures alone learn slowly, while activity counts lack outcome linkage. Use a causal churn hypothesis to combine early behavioral indicators with the final outcome.
Departments reduced their own processing time from order to delivery, but total customer wait time did not change. What analysis should follow?
Answer: Map the end-to-end value stream and identify constraints in total lead time, including handoff waits, work in progress, rework, and approvals
Customer lead time is often dominated by queues and handoffs rather than touch time. Analyze the flow across organizational boundaries and improve the system constraint.
Regulation and technology are highly uncertain, making a mid-term IT strategy based on one forecast fragile. Which planning method is appropriate?
Answer: Build scenarios from critical uncertainties and prepare no-regret capabilities, signposts, and options for each path
Scenario planning does not predict one future. It prepares capabilities and options robust across plausible futures, monitors signposts, and updates investment timing and scale.
A new self-service channel may improve convenience while cannibalizing some store sales. Which evaluation is appropriate?
Answer: Evaluate total customer usage, retention, profit, operating cost, and impact on existing channels rather than new-channel revenue alone
Cannibalization can still increase enterprise value through retention, profit, lower service cost, and preventing competitive loss. Compare against a credible counterfactual without the channel.
A new regulation was addressed just before service launch, causing major redesign. What should prevent recurrence?
Answer: Involve legal, risk, business, and technology from inception to define requirements, design principles, evidence, and regulatory change monitoring
Late compliance changes cause broad rework across data, process, contracts, and interfaces. Integrate obligations and ownership into design early and maintain evidence and change detection.
Executives want IT investments evaluated for environmental impact reduction. Which measurement design is appropriate?
Answer: Define energy and asset baselines and boundaries, then track emissions intensity, absolute emissions, cost, and service quality together
Environmental benefits require boundaries and baselines. Total emissions can rise despite better unit efficiency, so evaluate both alongside business value, quality, and cost.
Training completion is high, but staff have returned to old spreadsheet workarounds. What is appropriate change adoption work?
Answer: Observe role-specific behavior and barriers, adjust process, permissions, incentives, and support, and measure behaviors linked to outcomes
Knowledge acquisition is not behavior adoption. Workarounds can reflect product gaps, access, incentives, workload, or support, so remove barriers by role and measure real usage and outcomes.
Individual technology deployments do not explain how DX creates enterprise value for investors and employees. What communication is appropriate?
Answer: Present the management vision, customer and social value, required capabilities, DX initiatives, measures, results, and revisions as one value-creation story
Stakeholder dialogue should explain the causal path from management vision through DX to enterprise value. Consistent communication of outcomes, gaps, executive decisions, and revisions builds trust and support.