28 questions / 10 random questions
Random questions, instant feedback, and review for missed questions.
View recommended IT Passport resources →
Which best describes personal information under personal data protection law?
Answer:
Personal information is data that can identify a specific individual, such as name or birth date, and must be handled carefully.
How are computer programs treated under copyright law?
Answer:
Programs are protected as works under copyright law; it is the expression, not the underlying idea, that is protected.
Which law regulates logging into a system using someone else's ID and password without permission?
Answer:
The unauthorized access law prohibits acts such as using another person's credentials without authorization.
In the PDCA cycle, which stage evaluates and checks the results against the plan?
Answer:
PDCA cycles through Plan, Do, Check, and Act for continuous improvement; Check evaluates the results.
In SWOT analysis, which represents an internal strength of the organization?
Answer:
SWOT analyzes strengths/weaknesses (internal) and opportunities/threats (external); strength is an internal positive.
Which metric shows how much profit is gained relative to the amount invested?
Answer:
ROI divides profit by the investment amount to evaluate investment efficiency.
Which management approach fundamentally redesigns business processes?
Answer:
BPR fundamentally rethinks and redesigns existing business processes to improve efficiency and value.
Which term means conducting business in compliance with laws and social norms?
Answer:
Compliance means acting in accordance with laws, social norms, and ethics.
Which term refers to transforming business models and operations using digital technology?
Answer:
DX uses digital technology to transform products, services, business models, and organizations to gain competitiveness.
Which technique decomposes project work hierarchically for management?
Answer:
A WBS (Work Breakdown Structure) breaks work into a hierarchy, easing estimation and progress tracking.
Which development approach uses short iterations and adapts flexibly to change?
Answer:
Agile development repeats short iterations and adapts flexibly to changing requirements; Scrum is a common example.
Which document agrees on the service quality level between an IT service provider and the customer?
Answer:
An SLA documents agreed quality targets such as availability and response time between provider and customer.
Which activity independently checks and evaluates whether systems are properly operated and managed?
Answer:
A systems audit has an independent auditor assess the reliability, security, and efficiency of information systems.
Which chart shows scheduled and actual work as horizontal bars over time for progress management?
Answer:
A Gantt chart shows each task start and end as a horizontal bar, making progress easy to see.
How many values can one binary digit (bit) represent?
Answer:
One bit represents 0 or 1 (two values); n bits can represent 2 to the power n values.
Which diagram expresses a processing procedure using shapes and arrows?
Answer:
A flowchart links process, decision, and I/O symbols with arrows to express an algorithm.
Which is the central device that performs computation and control in a computer?
Answer:
The CPU performs computation and control, interpreting and executing program instructions.
Which basic software manages hardware and provides an environment for applications?
Answer:
An OS manages hardware resources and provides a common execution platform for applications.
Which term refers to a network connecting a relatively small area such as within a building?
Answer:
A LAN (Local Area Network) covers a small area like a building, while a WAN connects distant locations.
Which URL prefix indicates encrypted web communication that prevents eavesdropping and tampering?
Answer:
HTTPS encrypts communication with TLS to prevent eavesdropping and tampering, whereas HTTP is not encrypted.
Which cryptographic method uses the same key for encryption and decryption?
Answer:
Symmetric-key cryptography uses the same key for both encryption and decryption; public-key uses two different keys.
Which authentication requires a one-time code on a phone in addition to a password at login?
Answer:
Multi-factor authentication combines different factors (knowledge, possession, biometrics) to strengthen security.
Which attack uses emails impersonating a legitimate organization to lure users to fake sites and steal credentials?
Answer:
Phishing uses fake messages posing as legitimate senders to lure victims to fake sites and steal credentials.
Which mechanism monitors traffic at a network boundary and blocks unauthorized communication?
Answer:
A firewall controls traffic at the network boundary and blocks communication that is not permitted.
In a relational database, which item is set to uniquely identify each row?
Answer:
A primary key uniquely identifies each record and allows no duplicates or NULL values.
Which technology lets computers learn rules and patterns from large amounts of data?
Answer:
Machine learning is a core AI technique that learns patterns from data to make predictions or classifications.
Which concept connects various physical things to the internet to exchange information?
Answer:
IoT (Internet of Things) connects devices like appliances and sensors to the internet for data collection and remote control.
Which cloud service model delivers software functionality over the internet?
Answer:
SaaS delivers ready-made software over the internet; IaaS provides infrastructure and PaaS provides a platform.